Pattern encyclopedia

Playable Conway's Game of Life patterns

Browse the structures that make Life worth studying. Each pattern includes a preview, a research note, and a live page where you can run it immediately.

28 playable patterns

Stable

Still lifes

Stable objects that never change after the first generation. They are the anchors and catalysts used to contain more active reactions.

Beehive

A six-cell still life with a compact hexagonal outline.

Period
1
Cells
6
Size
4 x 3

Loaf

A seven-cell still life with a lopsided outline.

Period
1
Cells
7
Size
4 x 4

Boat

The only five-cell still life and a common small ash object.

Period
1
Cells
5
Size
3 x 3

Tub

A four-cell still life shaped like a hollow diamond.

Period
1
Cells
4
Size
3 x 3

Eater 1

A seven-cell still life that can absorb gliders in useful reactions.

Period
1
Cells
7
Size
4 x 4

Periodic

Oscillators

Patterns that return to their starting phase after a fixed number of generations. They make periods, phases, and symmetry visible.

Blinker

The smallest oscillator, flipping between vertical and horizontal lines.

Period
2
Cells
3
Size
3 x 3

Toad

A period-2 oscillator made from two offset rows of three cells.

Period
2
Cells
6
Size
4 x 2

Beacon

Two blocks that repeatedly switch their touching corner cells.

Period
2
Cells
8
Size
4 x 4

Pulsar

A large period-3 oscillator with strong fourfold symmetry.

Period
3
Cells
48
Size
13 x 13

Pentadecathlon

A slim oscillator with a much longer cycle than its size suggests.

Period
15
Cells
12
Size
3 x 10

Queen bee shuttle

A period-30 oscillator closely tied to early glider-gun history.

Period
30
Cells
20
Size
22 x 7

Moving

Spaceships

Self-contained patterns that reappear translated across the grid. They are the basic signal carriers of Life engineering.

Glider

The smallest spaceship and the standard signal in Life.

Period
4
Cells
5
Size
3 x 3

Lightweight spaceship

The smallest orthogonal spaceship.

Period
4
Cells
9
Size
5 x 4

Middleweight spaceship

A wider c/2 spaceship with a larger body than the LWSS.

Period
4
Cells
12
Size
7 x 5

Heavyweight spaceship

The broadest of the classic lightweight, middleweight, heavyweight trio.

Period
4
Cells
14
Size
8 x 5

Loafer

A small orthogonal spaceship with an unusually slow c/7 speed.

Period
7
Cells
20
Size
9 x 9

Chaotic

Methuselahs

Small seeds with unexpectedly long lifetimes. They are useful for studying growth, stabilization, and emergent debris fields.

R-pentomino

A five-cell seed that takes over one thousand generations to stabilize.

Period
Long-lived seed
Lifespan
1,103 generations
Cells
5
Size
3 x 3

Diehard

A small pattern famous for eventually vanishing completely.

Period
Dies after 130 generations
Lifespan
130 generations
Cells
7
Size
8 x 3

Acorn

A seven-cell seed with a famously long chaotic evolution.

Period
Long-lived seed
Lifespan
5,206 generations
Cells
7
Size
7 x 3

B-heptomino

A common seven-cell methuselah that produces a Herschel during its evolution.

Period
Long-lived seed
Lifespan
148 generations
Cells
7
Size
4 x 3

Herschel

A seven-cell methuselah and important signal object in Life circuitry.

Period
Long-lived seed
Lifespan
128 generations
Cells
7
Size
3 x 4

Edna

A 149-cell methuselah that pushed automated soup lifespans past 31,000 generations.

Period
Long-lived seed
Lifespan
31,192 generations
Cells
149
Size
20 x 20

Emitter

Guns

Periodic factories that emit spaceships. They connect local reactions to larger signal circuits and computing constructions.

Gosper glider gun

The first known finite pattern with unbounded growth.

Period
30
Cells
36
Size
36 x 9

Simkin glider gun

A compact true glider gun discovered by Michael Simkin in 2015.

Period
120
Cells
36
Size
33 x 21

Growth

Growth patterns

Patterns that keep leaving debris, signals, or repeated output behind. They are a natural bridge from small examples to the advanced infinite board.

Switch engine

A small methuselah that can be used to build diagonal puffers.

Period
Long-lived seed
Lifespan
3,911 generations
Cells
8
Size
6 x 4

Pufferfish

An almost natural c/2 puffer that leaves debris as it moves.

Period
4
Cells
44
Size
15 x 12

Block-laying switch engine

A diagonal puffer that repeatedly lays blocks behind it.

Period
288
Cells
43
Size
29 x 28